Typography 101

Typography is the art and technique of arranging type to make written language legible, readable, and appealing when displayed. Here are some fundamental design principles in typography:

Legibility
Legibility is the ease with which letters can be distinguished. The typeface should be easily readable at a glance. Choose a typeface with clear, distinct shapes and good contrast.

Hierarchy
Typography hierarchy is the arrangement of text elements that signifies importance. A hierarchy helps the reader understand the relative importance of each piece of information on the page. Different font sizes, weights, and colours create a visual hierarchy.

Alignment
Alignment refers to the way text is positioned on a page. Consistent alignment creates a sense of order and helps the reader scan the text more quickly. Use a grid system or guidelines to ensure consistent alignment throughout the design.

Contrast
Contrast is the difference in size, weight, colour, and texture between different elements in a design. Contrast helps to create visual interest and make the text more legible.

Proximity
Proximity is the closeness of two or more text elements on a page. By grouping related information, you can create a sense of organisation and hierarchy.

White space
White space is the area of a design that is left empty. It can be used to separate text, create a visual hierarchy, and provide balance in a design.

Consistency
Consistency is the repetition of design elements throughout a document. Consistency creates a cohesive design and helps the reader understand the relationship between different elements.

Readability
Readability is the ease with which text can be read. Choose a typeface and font size appropriate for the intended audience and the purpose of the text.

Simplicity
Simplicity uses a few design elements to create a clear and concise design. Avoid clutter and unnecessary elements that may distract from the message.

Functionality
Functionality refers to the practical aspects of typography, such as line spacing, margins, and page layout. Ensure the design is functional and easy to read on different devices and contexts.